{"id":218897,"date":"2024-08-07T09:10:58","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T07:10:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/?p=218897"},"modified":"2024-08-20T12:03:32","modified_gmt":"2024-08-20T10:03:32","slug":"global-antimicrobials-estimate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/","title":{"rendered":"Global antimicrobial use in livestock farming: A revised estimate"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global health, driven by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in both human medicine and livestock farming. In livestock farming, antimicrobials are still used extensively for therapeutic and non-therapeutic purposes. However, estimates of the quantities used per species are notoriously hard to derive from fragmented, incomplete, or unstandardized data around the world.<\/p>\n<p>A <span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1751731123003774\">recent article<\/a><\/span> (\u201cGlobal antimicrobial use in livestock farming: an estimate for cattle, chickens, and pigs\u201d, <em>Animal<\/em>, 18(2), 2024) attempts to update the figures by estimating global biomass at treatment of cattle, pigs, and chickens, considering distinct weight categories for each species in biomass calculation, and using the European Medicines Agency\u2019s weight standards for the animal categories. With these more refined calculations, authors Zahra Ardakani, Maurizio Aragrande, and Massino Canali aim to provide a more accurate estimate of global antimicrobial use (AMU) in cattle, chickens, and pigs. Understanding these patterns is crucial for addressing AMR and developing strategies for sustainable livestock management.<\/p>\n<h1>Key Findings<\/h1>\n<p>The study estimates that the global annual AMU for cattle, chickens, and pigs amounts to 76,060 tons of antimicrobial active ingredients. This is a significant revision from previous estimates due to a more detailed evaluation of animal weights and categories:<\/p>\n<p>1. Cattle: 40,697 tons (53.5% of total AMU)<br \/>\n2. Pigs: 31,120 tons (40.9% of total AMU)<br \/>\n3. Chickens: 4,243 tons (5.6% of total AMU)<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_218832\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-218832\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-218832 size-us_500_400\" src=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-500x327.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"327\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-500x327.png 500w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-280x183.png 280w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-150x98.png 150w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-120x78.png 120w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-36x24.png 36w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-225x147.png 225w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-80x52.png 80w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-48x31.png 48w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-64x42.png 64w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-28x18.png 28w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-824x539.png 824w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-170x111.png 170w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1-24x16.png 24w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/picture1.png 879w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-218832\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Distribution of global antimicrobial use among cattle, pigs, and chickens.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Methodology<\/h2>\n<p>The study utilizes the concept of Population Correction Units (PCU) to estimate antimicrobial usage, taking into account the weight and category of livestock at the time of treatment. This method differs from previous approaches that relied on live weight at slaughter, providing a more accurate representation of AMU.<\/p>\n<p>The PCU is calculated by multiplying the number of animals by their average weight during treatment. This approach allows for differentiation by age and sex, which is particularly important for species like cattle and pigs.<\/p>\n<p>Figure 2: (a) Changes in global PCU (million tonnes), (b) changes in global antibiotic use in mg per PCU, and (c) changes in global\u00a0AMU\u00a0(thousand tonnes) for cattle, chickens, and\u00a0pigs; between 2010 and 2020.\u00a0 Abbreviations: PCU\u00a0=\u00a0Population Correction Unit; AMU\u00a0=\u00a0Antibiotic Use.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_218864\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-218864\" style=\"width: 667px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-218864\" title=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"667\" height=\"458\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3.jpg 667w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-280x192.jpg 280w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-150x103.jpg 150w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-120x82.jpg 120w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-36x25.jpg 36w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-225x154.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-80x55.jpg 80w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-48x33.jpg 48w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-64x44.jpg 64w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-28x19.jpg 28w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-500x343.jpg 500w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-170x117.jpg 170w, https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3-24x16.jpg 24w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 667px) 100vw, 667px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-218864\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: (a) Changes in global PCU (million tonnes), (b) changes in global antibiotic use in mg per PCU, and (c) changes in global AMU (thousand tonnes) for cattle, chickens, and pigs; between 2010 and 2020. Abbreviations: PCU = Population Correction Unit; AMU = Antibiotic Use.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2>Study shows lower AMU than previous estimates<\/h2>\n<p>The study highlights a significant shift in AMU patterns, with chickens showing a remarkable decrease in antimicrobial use despite increased production. This is indicative of improved management and more responsible use of antibiotics in the poultry industry.<\/p>\n<p>The lower AMU in cattle and pigs, compared to previous estimates, underscores the importance of considering animal age and weight at treatment. These findings align closely with World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) estimates, validating the methodology.<\/p>\n<p>However, the study also acknowledges limitations, including reliance on European standards for average weight at treatment, which may not reflect global variations. Additionally, the lack of comprehensive global data on veterinary antibiotics presents challenges in creating fully accurate estimates.<\/p>\n<h2>Corrected estimate highlights improved production advances<\/h2>\n<p>This study provides a revised and potentially more accurate estimate of global antimicrobial use in livestock. By accounting for the weight and treatment categories of animals, it offers insights that could guide policy and management practices to mitigate the spread of antimicrobial resistance.<\/p>\n<p>The article also indicates that the industry may have over-estimated antimicrobial usage in livestock and, just as importantly, that antimicrobial use has been kept in check or even reduced, despite increases in farmed animal headcounts. The lower usage is likely due to regulatory oversight and improvements in <a href=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/managing-gut-health-key-challenge-abf-broiler-production\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">alternative methods<\/a> to control and <a href=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/animal-nutrition\/products\/ventar-d\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mitigate health challenges<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to global health, driven by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in both human medicine and livestock farming. In livestock farming, antimicrobials are still used extensively for therapeutic and non-therapeutic purposes. However, estimates of the quantities used per species are notoriously hard to derive from fragmented, incomplete,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":218877,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7996,7982,7981,7922,8744],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-218897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-antibiotic-reduction-us-2","category-pig-us","category-poultry-us","category-ruminants-us","category-sustainability-us"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Global antimicrobial use in livestock farming: A revised estimate - EW Nutrition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Estimates of the quantities of antimicrobials used per livestock species are re-assessed in a complex recent study.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Global antimicrobial use in livestock farming: A revised estimate\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Estimates of the quantities of antimicrobials used per livestock species are re-assessed in a complex recent study.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"EW Nutrition\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-08-07T07:10:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-08-20T10:03:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"667\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"458\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"EW Nutrition\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@EWNutritionGmbH\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@EWNutritionGmbH\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"EW Nutrition\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Global antimicrobial use in livestock farming: A revised estimate - 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EW Nutrition","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3.jpg","datePublished":"2024-08-07T07:10:58+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-20T10:03:32+00:00","description":"Estimates of the quantities of antimicrobials used per livestock species are re-assessed in a complex recent study.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"us","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"us","@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/articles\/global-antimicrobial-use-in-livestock\/1-s2.0-s1751731123003774-gr3.jpg","width":667,"height":458,"caption":"Figure 2: (a) Changes in global PCU (million tonnes), (b) changes in global antibiotic use in mg per PCU, and (c) changes in global AMU (thousand tonnes) for cattle, chickens, and pigs; between 2010 and 2020. Abbreviations: PCU = Population Correction Unit; AMU = Antibiotic Use."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/global-antimicrobials-estimate\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Global antimicrobial use in livestock farming: A revised estimate"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/","name":"EW Nutrition","description":"Functional Innovations backed by Science","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"us"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/#organization","name":"EW Nutrition GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"us","@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"","contentUrl":"","caption":"EW Nutrition GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/EWNutritionGmbH","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/ewnutrition\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/ew-nutrition","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCIvcb19uSOJXrUecTY8n_dA"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/#\/schema\/person\/4981d28f02cbbf22246e72ffe5066659","name":"EW Nutrition","url":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/author\/ewnutrition\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=218897"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218897\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/218877"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=218897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=218897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ew-nutrition.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=218897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}